Ring of Gyges
Glaucon challenges Socrates to prove that justice is good in itself, not just for its rewards. He tells the story of Gyges, a shepherd who found a ring that made him invisible. With this power, Gyges seduced the queen, killed the king, and took the throne. Glaucon argues that anyone - just or unjust - would behave the same way if they could escape consequences. He then imagines two men: one perfectly unjust but with a reputation for justice, the other perfectly just but believed by all to be wicked. Which life is better? Glaucon challenges Socrates to prove that the just man, even when suffering for his justice, is happier than the successful criminal.
The Text
What You'll Learn
Comprehension
Explains that Glaucon challenges Socrates to prove justice is good in itself
Cause & Consequence
Explains why Gyges acted as he did: no consequences, self-interest unchecked
Meaning
Takes a position on whether Glaucon is right: would everyone be unjust if they could escape consequences?
Evidence
Cites a specific phrase or argument from the text
Defense
Maintains or thoughtfully revises their position under challenge
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